6. Write a short letter to thank your friend for the wonderful dinner party you attended at his / her place last weekend. Use the word lists and the questions
to help you.
• When did you go to the dinner party?
• Who invited you there? What was the occasion?
• Which were the dishes you enjoyed the most?
• What was the party like?
Food: tasty, delicious, well-cooked, etc.
Atmosphere at the party: friendly, relaxing, great music, lots of
games.

Partial renewal or renewal of components comprises the intermediate renewal1 of

major or minor components - switches, crossings, worn rails, insulating rail-joints, etc.

- Day-to-day maintenance includes maintenance of desirable standards of all com-

ponents of railway track and alignment which can be done mechanically or manually.

(3) Day-to-day maintenance includes tamping, lining, patrolling and other tasks.

Complete renewal as well as earthworks and reballasting require both temporary speed re-

strictions (TSRs) and ’abnormal’ possession of the fine. Earthworks, reballasting and day-

to-day maintenance may require ‘abnormal’ possessions only, while partial renewal of

components requires, at the worst, a ‘normal’ possession.

(4) A ‘normal’ possession is one which requires no alteration to regular services. An

‘abnormal’ possession does require alterations, and sometimes it may take up to 50 hours

to carry out this work. Generally, a weekend ‘abnormal’ possession lasts some 15-20

hours.

Note: 1) intermediate renewal – средний ремонт.

Ex. 7. Search the text for the English equivalents of the following Russian

phrases:

1. Have your parents ever eaten snails?
Yes, they have/No they haven’t
2. Has your best friend ever broken a leg?
Yes, he/she has/No he/she hasn’t
3. Has your teacher ever sang in class?
Yes, he/she has/No, he/she hasn’t
4. Have you ever met a famous actor?
Yes, I have/No, I haven’t
5. Have your friends ever been on a roller coaster?
Yes, they have/No, they haven’t

Task 2
2. Ayajan hasn’t moved in his house yet.
3. I haven’t read any science-fiction books.
4. The plane hasn’t arrived
5. He hasn’t finished his homework

Task 3:

2. He hasn’t eaten anything since yesterday afternoon.
3. I haven’t visited my grandparents in months.
4. They haven’t heard from Daniar since last summer.
5. Ainash hasn’t had a holiday for two years.

Task 4:
1. yet
2. just
3. already
4. ever
5. for
6. just
7. since
8. since
9. yet
10. for
11. never
12. ever