Билет №11
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THE ENGLISH AND THEWEATHER
The weather in England explains much about the English. The umbrella is carried
even if it does not rain, for good luck with the weather. The well-dressed man-about-town in
England always carries his umbrella tightly rolled. If it rains he takes a taxi in which he
finds his refuge1, with his umbrella still tightly rolled. To many English people the word
"weather" means "good weather". Seaside landladies say, during a season of rain: "Not
having much weather, are we?"
The weather in England, wet, dry, hot, cold, tropical or arctic, is the conversational
topic for all classes of English society. The weather has given a start for many of the largest
English manufacturing business. Apart from umbrellas, there is an increasing demand for
burberries, plastic coverings, gumboots etc.
The uncertainty of the weather has made the English patient, enduring and wary.
Because of its geographical position in a deep river valley London is occasionally
enveloped by unusually thick fog. The worst of these fogs began on the 4th of December,
1952 and there was a similar one in December, 1962 The streets near the centre of London
were jammed with buses crawling along at two miles per hour. People who usually travelled
by road decided to take the underground. People caught in the fog literally felt their way
with one hand along the walls of buildings, holding the other out before them to avoid
colliding with other people.
At Covent Garden Theatre a performance of La Traviata had to be abandoned after
the first act because so much fog had penetrated into the building that the audience could no
longer see the singers clearly. It was a terrible fog that caused the death of some 4,000
people in London.
As a matter of fact, this "deadly" kind of fog is called by Londoners "smog". It is the
kind of fog you get only in towns — particularly in the industrial areas. It is a mixture of
smoke and fog together, and it is dangerous and deadly especially for people who are
suffering from any kind of respiratory troubles. In the big towns and cities you get very
much smoke, it is more concentrated because it doesn't come from household chimneys only,
but from all the factories too. Even ordinary fog is pretty nasty.
My favourite book is "The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes" by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle.I first discovered these stories when I was about twelve and I've loved them ever since. They're brilliantly written, full of bizarre crimes and they've got a terrific Victorian atmosphere.When you read them you really feel like you've been carried back to nineteenth-century London.All the twentieth century detectives like Miss Marple and Inspector Morse seem really boring compared to Sherlock Holmes.That's where Conan Doyle, really makes you believe that Holmes is unique — a genius with amazing mental powers.Normally I only read detective stories once. I mean, why read them again when you know what happens in the end?With the Sherlock Holmes stories, though, its different.Each time I re-read them I discover more and more to enjoy.
Гарри Поттер:
There was a guy. He had no parents. He lived with his aunt and uncle. And with their son named Dudley.Nobody loved Harry Potter, because he was so different from them. This family was the only relatives he had and he had to live with them.Harry was told that his parents had died in a car crash. He was alone and not happy.When he was 7, he got a letter, he was invited to a school named Hogwarts. It was a magical school.
Робинзон Крузо:
My favourite book is "Robinson Crusoe" by Daniel Defoe. D. Defoe (1660—1731) was a great master of realistic detail. The novel "Robinson Crusoe" was written in 1719. The novel is praise to human labour and the triumph of man over nature.Defoe shows the development of his hero. At the beginning of the story we see an inexperienced youth, a rather frivolous boy, who then becomes a strong-willed man.Robinson Crusoe's most characteristic trait is his optimism. His guiding principle in life become "never say die" and "in trouble to be troubled is to have your troubles doubled".He had confidence in himself and in man. He believed it was within the power of man to overcome all difficulties. Crusoe was an enthusiastic worker and always hoped for the best.Defoe is a writer of the Enlightenment. He teaches people how to live, he tries to teach what's good and what's bad. His novel "Robinson Crusoe" is not only a work of fiction, an account of adventures, a biography and an educational pamphlet.It is a study of man, a great work showing man in relation to nature and civilization as well as in relation to labour and private property.