Crude oil is a mix...of four different types of ...carbon molecule known as paraffines, naphthenes, aromatics, and asphaltics. The first two are five carbon atoms or longer, aromatic has six or more, and asphaltic between forty and sixty. We can`t do much with crude oil in its natural ..., but these differ... molecules give us the fuels and products we need. In order... use them, they have to be separated from each ... .Crude oil is a mix...of four different types of ...carbon molecule known as paraffines, naphthenes, aromatics, and asphaltics. The first two are five carbon atoms or longer, aromatic has six or more, and asphaltic between forty and sixty. We can`t do much with crude oil in its natural ..., but these differ... molecules give us the fuels and products we need. In order... use them, they have to be separated from each ... .
Повелительное наклонение — это выражение приказа совета и т.д. Т.е. предложение типа: «Сделай что-либо».
Правило. В косвенной речи повелительное наклонение заменяется инфинитивом.
Прямая речь. He said, “Speak more slowly.” — Он сказал: «Говори помедленнее». Косвенная речь. He said to speak more slowly. — Он по говорить помедленнее.
Примечание. В косвенной речи после глагола tell местоимение ставится, а после глагола say — нет.
Прямая речь. He said, “Drink a cup of hot tea.” Косвенная речь. He said to drink a cup of hot tea. Косвенная речь. He told me to drink a cup of hot tea.
Поскольку в косвенной речи получается инфинитив, все очень Никакого согласования времен!
Отрицательная форма
В косвенной речи в повелительном наклонении отрицание заменяется инфинитивом с частицей not.
Схема: not + инфинитив
Прямая речь. He said, “Don’t open the window.” Косвенная речь. He said not to open the window.
Объяснение:
(text in English with Passive Voice )Words to understand:
allow — разрешать
for a purpose — с целью
whether — ли
both hands and feet — как руки, так и ноги
disappointed — разочарованный
lose patience — потерять терпение
struggle — борьба
hold — держать
introduce — вводить в практику
prevent from — мешать
Ball games were well known hundreds of years ago. They didn’t take place in the stadiums or on football fields (pitches). They were played in squares and streets of the cities and villages, and they are dangerous to windows and doors of the houses.
People in those days were so excited about these games that they used to leave their work to take part in a game. That’s why at the beginning of the 17th century special laws were made against playing ball games. Nobody was allowed to play, and for two hundred and fifty years there were no games in Europe.
People began to play again in the second half of the 19th century.
In 1863, a meeting was called in a tavern in Great Queen Street, London, for the purpose of deciding the rules of the games. The main question was whether the players must use both their hands and feet, or only their feet. There was much excitement at the meeting. Shouts of “Only feet” came from one end of the hall. “Hands and feet” came from the other end . At last the disappointed “hands and feet” group saw that they could not win, they lost patience and left the hall, giving up struggle. The meeting then became quieter and thirteen rules of football were agreed on. In 1863, they were published and became the international rules of the game all over the world.
The rules fixed the number of men in a team: the team has a goal-keeper, one full-back, one half-back and eight forwards. Only the goalkeeper could hold the ball in his hands.
Within the time the rules were changing, for example, the sound of referee’s whistle was heard for the first time in 1878. Before that time, the referees shouted to the players, or made signals with their arms. The goal, as we see it today, was introduced in 1891. The same year was the introduction of the eleven-meter penalty kick. At first, the goalkeeper was allowed to move six meters to defend his goal. He could cross from one corner of the goal to the other to prevent the player from making the penalty kick. But the rule was introduced fixing the position of the goalkeeper, and forcing him to stand without moving before the penalty kick was made.
In 1925, the rules were changed for the last time.
Questions to the text:
Why were ball games not always allowed by law?
When were the football rules published?
Did they change within the time?
How many players are there in a team?
What are they?
Do you know the name of a game which is similar to football but players can hold the ball in their hands?