Исходя из текста, ответьте ,на вопросы. Очень PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT and PLANNING
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The number of new products coming into the market of western countries every year is overwhelming. The major part of these products is not new, but adaptations. It means that these products are not new, they are existing items to which a modification has been made. Only few products are really original or innovations. For instance a clock-television is an adaptation, but TV-set itself, the refrigerator - each was an innovation. A great number of innovations and adaptations are designed, produced and marketed by small businesses. Very often a new product is formed on the basis of the new business. Sometimes there is a patent to make the business more successful. But it happens very often that market research hasn't been done carefully.
Even in case larger scale producers do more research and testing there is no sure success. A promising new product may be also robbed of success by unreasonable prices, inadequate promotion and poor selling methods. Generally less than one fifth of all new products turn out to be profitable.
1. How can you explain the еerm adaptation?
2. What is an innovation?
3. Give your own examples of innovations and adaptations.
4. Why are many innovations and adaptations manufactured and marketed by small businesses?
5. Why is it so important to obtain a patent?
6. Why does the failure of a new product take place?
Some animals have become symbols of Russia and Russian cities anв towns-as an example we can name bear.
Summer is my favorite time of the year. Summer holidays are the longest. This year I spent my summer holidays in the country. Most of the time I walked, cycled, spent time with my friends. When the weather was hot, we went to the river. In the evenings, I helped my mother water the beds in the garden. I liked my summer holidays very much.
ПЕРЕВОД
Лето — мое любимое время года. Летние каникулы самые длинные. В этом году я провел летние каникулы в деревне. Большую часть времени я гулял, ездил на велосипеде, проводил время с друзьями. Когда погода была жаркая, мы ходили на реку. По вечерам я маме поливать грядки в саду. Мне очень понравились мои летние каникулы.