Перепишите и переведите следующие предложения, обращая внимание на многонкциональность местоимения “it”: а) личное местоимение 3-го лица ед. ч. (он, она, оно) заменяет ранее упомянутое неодушевлённое существительное;
б) указательное местоимение «это» (синоним местоимения this);
в) прямое дополнение, если “it” следует за сказуемым;
д) “it” – в составе усилительной конструкции, it is … that, who, which (обычно переводят «именно», «это как раз»).
1. Lack of valid data makes it difficult to predict further events. 2. I know it very well. 3. Nottingham is one of Britain’s typical middle size cities. It is very beautiful. 4. It was Adam Smith, a great Scotish scientist who made extraordinary (удивительный) contributions to economics. 5. It is 5 o’clock and it is very dark, because it’s winter now. 6. An important feature of such a system is that it makes updating easier. 7. Since the law made it easier to get a divorce, the number of divorces has increased.
1. A sound of violin is heard in the hall.
2. He is always praised by his father when he works hard.
3. My sister's friend is often taken by her to the theatre.
4. I am waken by my mother at 7 o'clock every morning.
B.
1. The envelope was found by her behind the dining-room clock .
2. This book was bought by her a week ago.
3. This picture was painted by a great artist.
4. The window was broken by John the other day.
C.
1. I shall post this letter tomorrow.
2. They will discuss the report next week. 3. The secretary will change our time-table in two days. 4. Tom will meet us at the station.
D.
1. The secretary has just brought the files. 2. Jack has just broken a cup. 3. My little brother has spoilt his toy. 4. She has done the room carefully.
E.
1. Breakfast is being cooked by them.
2. The carpet is being cleaned by her.
3. The text is being translated by me.
4. The ruled are being learnt by us.
5. An interesting story is being told by him.
F.
1. She was shown the shortest way to the station by them.
2. I has been taught English by my mother.
3. Many questions are asked by us at the lectures.
4. An interesting story has just been told me by Tom.
5. This book will be lent me by her next Sunday.
6. Newspapers and magazines are delivered by the postman every day.
7. Her name was told us by her after it had been asked by us twice.
8. A letter has been sent her brother by me.
9. A song is being sung by us.
10. The words are beung written by the teacher on the blackboard.
Hello, (friend's name)! In my last letter, I wrote to you about how I spent my summer. Summer is over, school days have begun. My first day at school was spent at home, since no one goes to school now, everyone studies remotely. All lessons were held in the app for learning. We were given tasks and we did them. There weren't many lessons, because we were just starting to learn. In all the lessons, we repeated the topics from last year. That's how my first day of school went. I'm sorry, but I have to stop writing because school has started and I have to get ready for class. It was your pen friend. Bye!
(your name)