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Crop production depends on land and its productivity. The cropland varies both
from one region to another and within each region. Soils are the most important
natural resources. Farming destroys them to some extent, removing the essential
plant-food elements and exposing soils to the effects of erosion. The latter is the
result of wind and water. Erosion lowers productive value through the loss of the soil
itself and removal of nutrients and organic material.
Better land use means first of all soil conservation. It includes measures for
controlling erosion, proper rotations to increase the organic matter, the application
of fertilizers and manure, proper tillage methods as well as drainage and irrigation
practices.
The better the soil, the higher the yield. But yields are affected by many other
factors as well. Among them are high-quality seeds of the crops adapted to the
climatic and soil conditions, application of fertilizers, good preparation of the land,
proper rotations, drainage and irrigation, timely planting, cultivating and harvesting.
Of all agricultural practices affecting yields seedbed preparation is the most
important. Plowing is the first step in seedbed preparation. The right kind of
preparing a seedbed is to get a fine moist and mellow soil.
Good crop rotations keep up the productivity of the soil. A rotation usually
includes a grass-farming crop, especially one that includes legumes to add nitrogen
and increase the organic matter of the soil, a cereal and a cultivated crop, at which
time manure and fertilizers can be applied. Well-planned rotations increase the
supply of organic matter, which has such a good effect on the physical condition of
the soil.
Find the words, denoting the following.
1. An action that destroys the soil.
2. Agricultural plants in the fields.
3. Components of food.
4. Something that is applied for soil improvement.
5. Growing different crops in a definite order on the same land.
6. Soil prepared for seeding.
7. Plants growing where they are not wanted.
8. The method of sowing with a drill.
2 My friend showed me a mobile phone which he had bought the day before.
3 The teacher understood that John hadn't prepared for the exam well enough.
4 We had returned from the cinema by nine o’clock.
5 I had done all my work by six o’clock.
6 She said that she had spent her holiday in Spain.
7 Then he came to the shelf, took one book and began to read it.
8 I had just found the money I was looking for.
9 When did your friend return from the South? – He returned yesterday.
10 They left England when he was a child.
11. You (to see) Peter? – I (not to see) him since last month - тут я считаю не корректный вопрос, так как перфект в настоящем времени нужно использовать, а не в т.е. Have you seen Peter? - I haven't seen him since last month.
Are there books in your bag? - No, there aren't. There aren't books in my bag.
Did you want to say anything to me? -No, I didn't. I didn't want to say anything to you./I want to say nothing to you.
Have you got anything to eat?- Yes, I have. I have something to eat.
Did she take anything from the table? - Yes, she did. She took something from the table.
Is there anything in your box? -Yes, there is. There is something in my box.