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24.02.2021 06:00 •  Английский язык

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MOVEMENT OF PASSENGER TRAFFIC
After preparing the cars and cleaning and stocking them with supplies they
are inspected, and tested to ascertain whether appliances such as air brakes and signal and steam lines, are functioning properly.
Passenger trains are assembled in a car yard with a number of specified cars
as baggage mail and express coaches, dining, parlour and sleeping cars(1). When ready a switching engine moves the trains to the assigned departure track at station.
The road locomotive has been inspected.
The crew takes over the locomotive at the terminal (2), moves it to departure
track and couples it the train. Here, again, the train receives tests of air brakes and
signal lines.
The train crew has been mobilized; they are called for duty according to schedule.
A modern train stands in the terminal ready to receive its passengers. It departs at the moment called by its schedule. The program of departure seems so
simple that few passengers realize that it has required the services of small army of rail road employees to make the movement possible.
Every car in the train has received careful inspection inside and out to make
certain of(3) its mechanical condition. Each car has been washed: not only have inside woodwork and floors been scrubbed, but carpets and seats have been gone over with vacuum cleaners (4).
Preparations for dining service constitute a considerable operation.
Food supplies have requisitioned from the rooms, and stored in the car refrigerators, cupboards and small but complete pantry. Clean linen has been stocked.
The train is now ready to receive its passengers, baggage and mail.

I. Переведите абзацы, где говорится о формировании пассажирских
поездов в вагонном парке, об осмотре вагонов перед отправлением.
II. Найдите в тексте ответы на следующие вопросы :
l. Where are passenger trains assembled?
2. What tests does the train receive at the terminal?
3. When does the train depart?
4. How is each car inspected?
5. When is the train ready to receive its passengers?
III. Дайте русские эквиваленты следующих глаголов с послелогами:
to make up, to couple up, to cup out, to pick up, to make out, to carry out

MOVEMENT OF FREIGHT TRAFFIC
Movement of freight starts at the initial terminal where the train is made up in the classification yard. Here cars are classified or sorted, those for the same
destinations being collected in groups or blocks. These are assembled on a departure track.
The number of cars assigner to a train is related as nearly as possible to the
tonnage capacity of the locomotive. After assembling the various blocks of cars on
the track from which the train is to leave, they are coupled up with air brake
connections, then tested and inspected. Defective cars are quickly repaired; if this
16 requires more time than is available such cars are cut out and dispatched in a later train.
The engine crew boards the train at the locomotive terminal. They pick up the caboose with and attach it to the rear end of the train, or a yard engine may handle the caboose.
Prior to leaving the yard terminal office the freight conduct receives a series
of sheets called billing(1), which show the number, character and destination of each car in his train, and checks the train for correct make-up or "consist" (2) .
When the train is ready to move, a signal from the conductor to the engineer starts it on its way.
Except for stops for water or fuel a through freight train will run normally to the next intermediate terminal without stop or change in its consist. The conductor makes out what is called a wheel report(3), listing the initials and numbers of each car, weight of the car, weight of lading and the points between which the train moves it. These wheel reports are there cords from which the car accountant keeps track of car movement (4) and the statistical department of the railroad compiles freight train and traffic statistics.
At intermediate terminals cars consigned to destinations within the particular territory are cut out of the train. New cars at intermediate terminals may be added. The train progresses by successive stops through other intermediate terminals final destination, where it moves to the terminal yard.
At that point cars are classified for delivery to the various industries, the operation being carried out by local yard crew.

IV. Найдите в тесте ответы на следующие вопросы:
l. Where does the movement of freight start?
2. How is the number of cars assigned to a train related to a train related to the tonnage capacity of the locomotive?
3. What cars are cut out and dispatched in a later train? 4. What does the freight conductor receive at the yard terminal office?
5. How does the freight train progress to its final destination?

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