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22.08.2022 22:08 •  Английский язык

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For many thousands of years people have lived in houses and 1iked c omfortaЬle and safe living, not so dependent on weather conditions.
At first р еор1е began building houses ofwood, stones or clay. Clay was mostly used in hot countries, as people had learnt that clay bricks dried in the sun became as hard as stones. Men learnt the use of these sun-dried с 1ау bricks especially in ancient Egypt. Some of buildings created at that time are still standing though several thousands of years passed.
Hundreds of years later, the ancient Egyptians discovered that stone can Ь е used as а building material. With it they built temples, palaces, tombs. .. The greatest tomb ever built was the stone pyramid of К hufu, Pharaoh of Egypt.
Another ancient civilization, the Greeks, also used stone, and their beautiful buildings remind us of their great culture. The Greeks decorated the houses with splendid carvings, they were very fond of using upright pillars for supporting and decoration. In Greece parts of many of these ancient buildings can still Ь е seen today. The elements of ancient Greece architecture began to Ь е used again during the period of the Renaissance in Europe. In our country the latest period when trends were followed was the period of 'Stalin classicism'.
Greek culture was inherited Ь у Roman one. The emperor August said that when he become emperor the Rome was made of clay and that he leaves Rome made of stone. The Roman period left many architectural monuments, such as Colosseum, arch of Titus, Pantheon, and many oth-er buildings and their relics.
Ancient Rome embodied the tradition suppressed Ь у time and followed to logical end.
Many ancient cultures had their own architecture - ancient China, Burma, civilization of the American lndians. Archeologists find more and more p1aces 1eft Ь у man for centuries - the legendary city Petra in Jordan which is hidden in the mountains, the city Machu-Picchu in Peru, 1eft for three centuries and found in 1911 Ь у an American architect Hiram Bing-ham, а Buddhist temple Borobudur on Central Java (in Indonesia) forgot-172 ten Ь у everyone, bldden Ь у thick forests. It was restored in the 1970s with the help of UNESCO.
Modem arcbltecture is quite different from ancient buildings.
In all epochs there are buildings that are designed to Ь е beautiful and stand for centuries, and buildings which are built for practical purposes. In Soviet time buildings made from prefabricated Ь locks were very popular and were erected very quickly. Their architectural style is very strict and devoid of any omaments. The drawbacks of these buildings are: they con-duct sound and give away heat, and nearly all of them exist longer than it was planned originally. This was the period when the idea of comblnation of architecture, technology and science was comblned, and art gave way to constructivism.
Modem architecture is free to choose and comblne all the experience accumulated during the centuries. There are hundreds and hundreds of buildings worth adrniring in any country. New buildings that appear should match them in quality, longevity and beauty!​