A crossword puzzle is a game of words where the player is given a hint and the number of letters. The player then fills in a grid of boxes by finding the right words. Liverpool journalist, Arthur Wynne invented the first crossword puzzle.Arthur WynneArthur Wynne was born on June 22, 1871 in Liverpool, England. He immigrated to the United States at the age of nineteen. He first lived in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and worked for the Pittsburgh Press newspaper. An interesting side-note, was that Wynne also played violin in the Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra.Later, Arthur Wynne moved to Cedar Grove, New Jersey and started working for a New York City based newspaper called the New York World. He wrote the first crossword puzzle for the New York World, published on Sunday, December 21, 1913. The editor had asked Wynne to invent a new game for the paper's Sunday entertainment section.View a copy of Arthur Wynne's first crossword puzzleWord-Cross to Cross-Word to CrosswordArthur Wynne's first crossword puzzle was initially called word-cross and was diamond-shaped. The name later switched to cross-word, and then as a result of an accidental typo the hyphen was dropped and the name became crossword.Wynne based his crossword puzzle on a similar but much older game played in ancient Pompeii that translated from Latin to English was called Magic Squares. In Magic Squares, the player is given a group of words and has to arrange them on a grid so that the words read the same way across and down. A crossword puzzle is very similar, except instead of being given the words the player is given clues.Arthur Wynne added other innovations to the crossword puzzle. While the first puzzle wasdiamond-shaped, he later invented horizontal and vertical shaped puzzles; and Wynne invented the use of adding blank black squares to a crossword puzzle.The crossword puzzle in a British publication was published in Pearson's Magazine in February 1922. The first New York Times crossword was published on February 1 1930.First Book of Crossword PuzzlesAccording to the Guinness Book of Records, the first collection of crossword puzzles was published in the USA in 1924. Called The Cross Word Puzzle Book it was the first publication by a new partnership formed by Dick Simon and Lincoln Schuster. The book, a compilation of crossword puzzles from the newspaper New York World, was an instant success and helped to establish publishing giant Simon & Schuster, who continue to produce crossword books to this day.
Измените глаголы, данные в скобках, поставив их во времена Present Perfect или Present Perfect Progressive (Active).
1. How long have you been waiting?
2. I have played tennis four times this week.
3. Look outside. It has rained; the pavement’s still wet.
4. ‘You look tired. I have been driving (Я БЫ ЗДЕСЬ ИЗМЕНИЛА ) all day long’.
5. I have known John since we were at school together.
6. The government has announced a drop in unemployment.
7. I have been reading a book on negotiating skills but I don’t think I’ll finish it.
8. He has been working as a consultant for three different firms in the same sector of activity; I think there’s a conflict of interest and he should resign.
9. He has worked as a consultant for three different firms in the same sector of activity; but was fired from the first two.
Измените глаголы, данные в скобках, поставив их во времена Present Perfect или Present Perfect Progressive (Active).
1. How long have you been waiting?
2. I have played tennis four times this week.
3. Look outside. It has rained; the pavement’s still wet.
4. ‘You look tired. I have been driving (Я БЫ ЗДЕСЬ ИЗМЕНИЛА ) all day long’.
5. I have known John since we were at school together.
6. The government has announced a drop in unemployment.
7. I have been reading a book on negotiating skills but I don’t think I’ll finish it.
8. He has been working as a consultant for three different firms in the same sector of activity; I think there’s a conflict of interest and he should resign.
9. He has worked as a consultant for three different firms in the same sector of activity; but was fired from the first two.
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