Task 1. Reading Environmental problems is the most burning problem of today. The ecological problem influence the climate on the Earth. Mankind long believed that, whatever we did, the Earth would remind much the same. Nature is under threat. Our country’s pollution can be every country’s problem. So we all need to work together to safeguard our environment.
Air pollution is a very serious problem. Industrial enterprises emit tons of harmful substances. They are the main reason for the greenhouse effect and acid rains. The pollution of air and the world’s ocean, destruction of the ozone layer is the result of man’s careless interaction- with nature a sign of the ecological crises. Rains, full of acid chemicals, change lakes, rivers, as well as forests. Acid water kills the plants and animals that usually live in water. Acid rain makes the Earth more acidic and some kinds of trees can’t live in the sol that is very acidic. Forests are disappearing and this upsets the oxygen balance. Water pollution occurs mostly, when people overload the water environment such as streams, lakes, underground water, bays or seas with wastes or substances harmful to living being.
Nuclear weapon is also course of the pollution. It brings a great damage to the agriculture, forests and people’s health.
The greenhouse effect and global warming both correspond with each other. The greenhouse effect is recalled as incoming solar radiation that passes through the Earth’s atmosphere but prevents much of the outgoing infrared radiation from escaping into outer space. It causes the overheat of the air as a result we have the global warming effect.
People are beginning to realize that environmental problems are not somebody else’s. In many countries environmental protection agencies and research centers are up. Such organization as “Green Peace” cares for ecology in countries. Its main goal is to combine the people’s efforts for peace with the huge and ever mounting movement launches all kind of environmental actions and inform of the ways, means and results of this work.
b) True / False
We all shouldn’t work together to safeguard our environment.
Nuclear weapons are also course of the pollution.
Such organization as “Green Peace” cares for economy in countries
Forests are appearing and this upsets the oxygen balance.
Environmental problem isn’t the most burning problem of today.
People are beginning to realize that environmental problems are somebody else’s.
Nuclear doesn’t bring a great damage to the agriculture
Total 7 points
Task 2. Writing
Put the sentences in Present Perfect tense
I’m tired. I (watch) three X-Files videos.
Hurry up! They (start) the film!
Mary (study) hard this year, so she'll pass her exams.
Oh no! She (drop) the plate!
The garden is very green. It (rain) a lot this month.
These are my favourite trousers. I (have) them for five years.
Tom's my best friend. I (know) him for three years.
They (live) in Miami for two years.
Я живу в прекрасной стране России, в городе Москва. Обычно, жизнь здесь суетлива, ведь в крупном мегаполисе жихнь никогда не бывает спокойной. Но так же, загородом, есть великолепный лес, наполненный свежестью трав. В лесу можно заняться собиранием ягод и цветов, или же просто погулять и подышать свежим воздухом. Матушка Россия - очень красива не только в городе, но и за его пределами.
I live in the beautiful country of Russia, in Moscow. Normally bustling life here, because in a large metropolis zhihn is never quiet. But just out of town, there is amagnificent forest, filled with fresh herbs. In the forest you can do picking berries and flowers, or just take a walk and a breath of fresh air. Mother Russia - a very beautiful not only in the city, and beyond.
Geographic location of a nation influences on a progress of a culture, way of life and nation itself. I want to tell about influence of geographic location on a development of culture of Kazakh nation. Territory of Kazakhstan since ancient times was covered by steppes. It affected on life mode of a nation. People couldn’t occupy themselves with agriculture and that is why they occupied themselves with cattle-breading. Big number of cattle didn’t let people to stay at one place. That is why they had to move from one pasture to another in order provide cattle.
Peculiarities of geographic location influenced not only on life mode but on a whole culture. Clothes, food, games were closely connected with animals they reared. They ate milk and meat of cattle. Hear of cattle served as clothes, also people maid different thing from hair such as carpet and etc. games were closely connected with animals. For example, kys kuu, or run down a bride. Rules were simple, suitor was to run down and kiss the bride riding on horse. If he couldn’t do it bride was to pursue and lash him.
Lifestyle also influenced on houses of nomads. As they couldn’t live on one place for a long time they couldn’t built houses. They had portable houses or yurts. . It is easily taken apart (it is said that a woman can do it in half an hour) and carried by horses and camels. The yurt consists of three main elements: an extensible trellis base (the kerege), a dome made of poles (the uyk) and a round top (the shanyrak).
I also want to add that geographic location influences on culture even nowadays. And the fag of the republic of Kazakhstan is the brightest example. There are golden eagle, the sun, and national pattern on it.