The British economy comprises the economies of England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The UK is a member of the Commonwealth of Nations, the European Union, the G7, the G8, the G20, the International Monetary Fund, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, the World Bank, the World Trade Organisation and the United Nations. The Economy of England is the largest economy of the four countries of the United Kingdom. England is a highly industrialised country. It is an important producer of textiles and chemical products. Although automobiles, locomotives, and aircraft are among England's other important industrial products, a significant proportion of the country's income comes from the City. Since the 1990, the financial services sector has played an increasingly significant role in the English economy and the City of London is one of the world's largest financial centres. Banks, insurance companies, commodity and futures exchanges are heavily concentrated in the City. The British pound sterling is the official currency of England and the central bank of the United Kingdom, the Bank of England, is located in London. The UK is one of the world's most globalised countries. London is the world's largest financial centre alongside New York. The aerospace industry of the UK is the second-largest national aerospace industry. The main crops that are grown are wheat, barley, oats, potatoes, sugar beets England is one of the world's leading fishing nations. England remains a key player in the aerospace, defence, pharmaceutical and chemical industries, and British companies worldwide continue to have a role in the sector through foreign investment. The largest centre for tourism is London, which attracts millions of international tourists every year. QUESTIONS 1. What is the economy of Great Britain mostly based on? 2. What manufacturing is less developed in Britain? 3. What makes the country self-sufficient in energy? 4. What were the years of economical growth in Britain? 5. What does the government do to keep the economy at highlevel? 6. Why is Great Britain a good place for investments?
1. Granny has been kniting in the living room since morning
2. Helen has been traveling round Europe for 3 weeks.
3. She has already visited 3 countries
I haven't seen him for ages.
He has been doing his lessons since lunch.
I haven't heard about him for a long time.
I have been driving since I was 17.
Jack has failed his driving test three times because he doesn't know how to park.
I think he has made a lot of improvement.
Alice hasn't passed her driving test because she doesn’t know the rules well.
She has been worrying about this for two months.
She has been studying the driver’s manual for hours every day.
She hasn't taken another test yet.
I have had a headache since I got up.
He is my friend, I have known him for a long time.
Ivan has a stomachacke. He has been eating junk food all day.
I have never heard that song before.
Scotland is a one of the most attractive and visited countries in the world. It is a part of the United Kingdom and it lies in the northern part of Great Britain, occupying almost one-third of the island. The southern border is shared with England. Its northern, western and eastern parts are washed by the Atlantic Ocean and the North Sea. Scotland is known for its exquisite liquor and breathtaking landscapes. The highest mountain in the British Isles, Ben Nevis, is situated there. It is located in Scottish Highlands. A famous British poet and lyricist Robert Burns wrote many poems and songs about these highlands. However, Scotland is associated not only with mountainous areas, but with bagpipes, kilts, haggis, Loch Ness monster, historic architecture and cobblestone streets of its capital city Edinburgh. Perhaps, the best time to visit this country is the last day of the year, during Scottish New Year, called Hogmanay. It’s a public holiday with major all-night celebrations, which are among the largest in the world. The largest and most visited cities in the country are Edinburgh and Glasgow. While Edinburgh is the historical, cultural and educational heart of Scotland, Glasgow is its financial and industrial center. Other major and attractive cities are Aberdeen, Dundee, Inverness, Livingstone, Perth. Scottish flag is known as St. Andrew’s Cross. It’s a white cross on a blue background. According to the legend St. Andrew was the patron saint of Scotland, who was crucified on the similar cross. Having so many rivers, lakes, highlands and green areas, this country is believed to have one of most beautiful sceneries in the world.
ПЕРЕКЛАД
Шотландія є однією з найпривабливіших і відвідуваних країн у світі. Це частина Сполученого Королівства, яка знаходиться на півночі Великобританії і займає майже третину острова. На півдні вона межує з Англією. На півночі, заході і сході омивається водами Атлантичного океану і Північного моря. Шотландія славиться своїм вишуканим лікером і захоплюючими краєвидами. Найвища гора Британських островів, Бен-Невіс, знаходиться там. Вона розташована в Шотландському Високогір'я. Знаменитий британський поет і лірик Роберт Бернс написав безліч віршів і пісень про це високогір'ї. Проте, Шотландія асоціюється не тільки з гірськими районами, а й з волинками, картатими спідницями, стравою з баранячих потрухів під назву Хаггіс, Лох-Несським чудовиськом, історичною архітектурою і брукованими вуличками її столиці Единбурга. Можливо, найкращий час для відвідування цієї країни це останній день в році, т. Е. Напередодні шотландського Нового року, який називається Святвечір. Це державне свято з великим нічним торжеством, які є одним з наймасштабніших у світі. Найбільшими і найбільш відвідуваними містами в країні є Единбург і Глазго. У той час як Единбург є історичною, культурною та освітньою столицею Шотландії, Глазго - це його фінансовий і промисловий центр. До іншим великим і привабливим міст відносяться Абердін, Данді, Інвернесс, Лівінгстон, Перт. Шотландський прапор відомий як Андріївський хрест. Це білий хрест на синьому тлі. За переказами Святої Андрей був покровителем Шотландії, якого розіпнули на аналогічному хресті. З такою кількістю річок, озер, високогір'я і зелених зон, ця країна славиться одними з найкрасивіших пейзажів в світі