Trapped! Last year I went on holiday to the French Alps with my parents and brother. We are all keen mountain climbers and we were looking forward to five days of climbing. We weren't planning to get to any great height but rather to concentrate on a series of challenging smaller climbs. The first day we tackled a 50-metre cliff face. It was a popular climb and there were several teams doing the same thing. It wasn't too difficult and we were all at the top within a couple of hours. (1)_G_ It was about 11 am and the sun was really starting to warm the rock face. We didn't fancy descending it in the midday sun so we decided to wait a few hours and explore the surroundings. My brother and I set off to explore some nearby caves. We'd done a bit of caving before and these caves looked pretty exciting. (2)After about 10 metres the passageway became really narrow. I told my brother we'd better leave. (3)He could hear water and was sure there was an underground lake not far ahead. I wasn't so sure but before I knew it my brother had crawled through the passage. (4) Reluctantly I started pushing myself through the narrow gap. I was scared. It was pitch black and I couldn't see a thing. I felt the cold rock pushing against my chest. I was finding it hard to breathe. And then suddenly I was stuck. (5)I couldn't move forwards and I couldn't move backwards. I screamed out to my brother. He could just reach my arm. He pulled and pulled but I was going nowhere. Of course, he couldn't go and get help because I was blocking his way out. For ten minutes we yelled and yelled but no one came. My body was sore and although the walls of the cave were cold, a hot sweat covered my body. I was beginning to feel dizzy. (6)I imagined us both dying there. After what felt like hours we heard voices calling our names. I was too weak to respond butmy brother called back. Within seconds our parents were with us. My dad tried pulling me out. I screamed out in pain and he realised that we needed professional help. The helicopter arrived more than two hours later. My body was freezing. (7)I was on the point of giving up when the rescue team showed up. They knew exactly what to do. They sprayed a substance over the rock face and then slowly started to pull gently. Then with one sudden jerk I was free. (8) Then amazingly a few seconds later I was joined by my brother who just squeezed himself back through with no problem at all. I was taken by helicopter to hospital but released that evening. Apart from a bit of bruising I was fine. Вместо цифр вставьте буквы A My parents later told me they were scared they were going to end up losing me
B. He wanted to continue
C. My leg was broken in two places.
D. I wriggled and wriggled but it was no good
E. My brother kept telling me to hang in there.
F. He called me to join him.
G. The views were incredible +
H. I staggered out, exhausted but relieved
I. They were deep and dark.

Объяснение:

В вопросах мы используем и some, и any. Мы используем some, когда говорим о человеке или вещи, зная, что они существуют, или думая, что они существуют:

Are you waiting for somebody? (I think you are waiting for somebody)

Вы ждете кого-либо?

Мы используем some в вопросах, когда предлагаем или спрашиваем что-нибудь:

Would you like something to eat? (there is something to eat)

Вы хотели бы что-нибудь поесть?

Can I have some sugar, please? (there is probably some sugar I can have)

Можно мне немного сахара

Но в большинстве вопросов мы используем any. Мы не знаем существует ли человек или вещь:

‘Have you got any luggage?’ ‘No, I haven’t.’

‘У вас есть багаж?’ ‘Нет.’

I can’t find my bag. Has anybody seen it?

Я не могу найти свою сумку. Кто-нибудь видел её?

C

Мы часто используем any после if:

If there are any letters for me, can you send them on to this address?

Если ко мне будут (какие-нибудь) письма, можете отправить их на этот адрес?

If anyone has any questions, I’ll be pleased to answer them.

Если у кого-нибудь есть какие-либо вопросы, я с радостью на них отвечу.

Let me know if you need anything.

Сообщите (дайте мне знать), если вам что-нибудь понадобится.

В следующих предложениях нет if, но смысл такой же:

I’m sorry for any trouble I’ve caused. (= if I have caused any trouble)

Я извиняюсь за какие-либо причиненные мною проблемы (= если я причинил какие-либо проблемы)

Anyone who wants to do the exam must tell me by Friday. (= if there is anyone)

Все, кто хочет сдать экзамен, должны сообщить мне до пятницы. (= если (есть) кто-нибудь)

D

Мы также используем any в значении ‘не важно какой; любой’:

You can take any bus. They all go to the centre. (= не важно в какой автобус вы сядете)

‘Sing a song.’ ‘Which song shall I sing?’ ‘Any song. I don’t mind.’ (= любую песню)

Come and see me any time you want.

‘Let’s go out somewhere.’ ‘Where shall we go?’ ‘Anywhere. (Куда угодно.) I just want to go out.’

We left the door unlocked. Anybody could have come in. (Кто угодно мой зайти.)

Сравните something и anything:

A: I’m hungry. I want something to eat. (что-нибудь)

B: What would you like?

A: I don’t mind. Anything. (Всё, что угодно.) (= it doesn’t matter what)

E

Somebody/someone/anybody/anyone – слова в единственном числе:

Someone is here to see you.

Здесь кто-то хочет тебя видеть.

Но мы часто используем they/them/their после этих слов:

Someone has forgotten their umbrella. (= his or her umbrella)

Кто-то забыл свой зонт. (= его или её зонт)

If anybody wants to leave early, they can. (= he or she can)

Если кто-нибудь хочет уйти пораньше, вы можете это сделать. (= он или она может)

Упражнения

1. Выберите some или any.

We didn’t buy

any

flowers.

This evening I’m going out with

friends of mine.

A: Have you seen

good films recently?

B: No, I haven’t been to the cinema for ages.

I didn’t have

money, so I had to borrow

.

Can I have

milk in my coffee, please?

I was too tired to do

work.

You can cash these traveller’s cheques at

bank.

Can you give me

information about places of interest in the town?

With the special tourist train ticket, you can travel on

train you like.

If there are

words you don’t understand, use a dictionary.

Key

2. Закончите предложения с some- или any- + -body/-thing/-where.

I was too surprised to say

anything

.

There’s

at the door. Can you go and see who it is?

Does

mind if I open the window?

I wasn’t feeling hungry, so I didn’t eat

.

You must be hungry. Would you like

to eat?

Quick, let’s go! There’s

coming and I don’t want

to see us.

Sarah was upset about

and refused to talk to

.

This machine is very easy to use.

can learn to use it very quickly.

There was hardly

on the beach. It was almost deserted.

Key

‘Do you live

near Joe?’ ‘No, he lives in another part of town.’

‘Where shall we go on holiday?’ ‘Let’s go

warm and sunny.’

They stay at home all the time. They never seem to go

.

I’m going out now. If

phones while I’m out, can you tell them I’ll be back at 11.30?

Why are you looking under the bed? Have you lost

?

The police have asked that

who saw the accident should contact them.

‘Can I ask you

?’ ‘Sure. What do you want to ask?’

Sue is very secretive. She never tells

(2 words)

Key

3. Закончите предложения. Используйте any (+ существительное) или anybody/anything/anywhere.

— Which bus do I have to catch?

—

any bus

. They all go to the centre.

— Which day shall I come?

— I don’t mind.

.

— What do you want to eat?

—

. I don’t mind. Whatever you have.

— Where shall I sit?

— It’s up to you. You can sit

you like.

— What sort of job are you looking for?

—

. It doesn’t matter.

— What time shall I phone tomorrow?

—

. I’ll be in all day.

— Who shall I invite to the party?

— I don’t mind.

you like.

— Which newspaper shall I buy?

—

. Whatever they have in the shop.

Key

This story happened to me a few years ago. Sitting by the window and listening "A Winter's Tale", I was sad. I didn't use to like winter, because it's bleak and uninteresting. That was the Christmas night, but my mood wasn't the same. Suddenly I heard a strange noise. Like someon's walking through trees. This interested me, and I went out from the chalet and found a stringe of inconspicuous footprints. It was particularly  freezing hard, so I took warm clothes from the house and followed them. The footprints didn't even think to stop. Finally I reached their end. It was a large cavern. If the footprints didn't go into it, I would even not notice. Came into, I discovered a really weird situation - in the middle of a cave glade were a circle of big snowmen. Firstly I surprised, but then I thought - who built this? It's probably a man, whose footprints I saw during the way. I felt terrible, and hurried to get out of there. But I remember it forever - was it a winter's tale or a mysticism? Anyway, for some inexplicable reason from that time I began to like winter - except its cold

Объяснение: