V-1 Reading 1 Read the text. Match sentences A-G with gaps 1-5. There are two extra sentences.
Shopping habits in the UK have changed over the last sixty years, and this can be seen in the changing appearance of any British high street-the main shopping street in a town or city. In the 1950s, high struuts nad rows of individual shops selling different things. Most people did this every few days in order to buy fresh food. The high street was a sociable place to be.
This started to change in the 1970s with the arrival of supermarkets. They gave people the chance to buy everything that they needed in one place. People didn't need to go to Individual shops any more. So this new type of shop, along with a new way of storing meat and fruit at home, meant that instead of doing a small shop every few days. people could buy all the food that they needed for a week or sometimes even a month.
As supermarkets became more popular, they changed from small local shops to huge
superstores. They took people away from the high street. They also tried to offer
customers everything that they needed, like a coffee shop, a hairdressers and a chemist's. But this meant that the shops on the high street started to close down as they lost their customers. These days, more and more people are choosing not to go to supermarkets to do their shopping People are also trying to spend less money, so a new type of discount shop has become very popular. It may be because of this that people have stopped doing big weekly or monthly shops. Now they go to shops more frequently to buy what
they need for the next few days. So, in many ways, people neem to be going back to the
way people shopped in the 1950s
A The idea was to get customers to spend all their money in one place.
B
Customers knew exactly where to find the things they needed in each shop. And because of their size, many of these supermarkets were outside town.
D People loved it because they had never had the chance to do all their shopping there before At the same time, more and more people had freezors in their houses.
F There was a greengrocar's next to a butcher's next to a baker's, and people visited each place to do their shopping.
G Instead, they are using the internet to shop from home and get their shopping delivered.
2 Read the forum posts. Match texts A-D with questions 1-5. One text matches with two questions.
A Dale-Bread maker
I can't remember how many times our bread maker has been used since Mum got it at Christmas, but it's a lot. I was a bit worried because I read in a magazine that bread makers are one of those gadgets that people are often given as presents, but then they never use them. I don't know why that is because it looks really easy to use. You just put all the ingredients in, press a button, and a couple of hours later you have a fresh loaf of bread. It beeps once when it's ready! I love waking up to the smell of fresh bread each morning and Mum says she'll never buy a loat of bread again, so I think it was a really successful present
B Karen-Spider catcher
School-children attend a primary school for 6 years. After the primary school most children go to a comprehensive school. There are “grammar schools” and “secondary-modern schools”.
The pupils have to pass an exam to go there. Grammar school is for children, who want to get higher education. Secondary-modern school is for children who are not expected to go on to higher study later. All types of secondary schools have the 5-year courses.
Pupils study 10 main subjects. Attainment tests are given at the ages of 7, 11 and 14, 16. At the end of a 5-year courses students sit the General Certificate of Secondary Education exams in as many subjects as possible. At the age of 16 some pupils leave school and get job or apprenticeships. Some pupils stay on at school until the age of 18 and prepare for higher education. More ambitious pupils continue to study in the 6th form. They stay on at school for one or two years to prepare themselves for university. The school year is divided into three terms. There are intervals during the Christmas, Easter holidays and the summer holidays. All kinds of out-of-class activities are part of school life in Britain. Students play sports, attend different clubs and sing in a choir. Most schools have very good libraries which students use for reference work.
Education in Britain is compulsory (обязательный) for all children between the ages of 5-16. School-children attend a primary school for 6 years. Then children go to the Secondary School. Compulsory secondary education begins when children are 11 and lasts for 5 years.
Most children go to a comprehensive (комплексный) school. But there are also “grammar school” and “secondary-modern schools”. The pupils have to pass an exam to go there.When students are 16 years old they sit the General Certificate of Secondary Education exams. After that students can either leave school and start working or continue their studies in the same school as before. If they continue, when they are 18, they have to take further examinations which are necessary for getting into university or college.
The school year is divided into three terms with the intervals between them during the Christmas and Easter holidays lasting about two weeks each and the summer holidays which is usually six weeks long.