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i. transcribe the following passage phonetically and mark the words which are stressed:

i have needed some new bookshelves for a long time. so during my holiday i decided to tackle the job myself. not that i am very clever with my hands but it did not seem too difficult and as i had already said that we could not afford to go away i thought it would be prudent not to spend money having it done professionally. i bought the wood at the local handicraft shop and i had plenty of screws, but i found that my old saw, which had been left behind by the previous owner of the house, was not good enough and i decided to buy a new one. that was my first mistake, my second was to go to the biggest ironmonger in london and ask for a saw. you would think it was simple, wouldn’t you, to buy a saw. but it is not. i said to the man behind the counter, “i want a saw.” he was a nice man and did his best for me. “yes, sir, what kind of saw? ” “oh, a saw for cutting wood.” “yes, sir, but we have fifteen different kinds for different jobs. what did you want it for? ” i explained about my bookshelves and felt like an ignorant fool in a world of experts, which was true. he saw that i was a novice and was very kind. he told me what i should need and advised me to have a ladies’ size. “easier to manage for the beginner, sir.” he was not being nasty just helpful and i was grateful to him. he also sold me a book on woodwork for schoolboys and i've been reading it with great interest. the next time i am on holiday i shall start on the shelves.

Thanks for your email. You wanted me (1) to tell you about my job. Well, I (2) am working in a publishing company in London for the summer holidays. Usually I have to answer questions on the phone, but some people are off sick today, so I (3) am writing letters instead. I really (4) like the people here. They always (5) help each other out when there are any problems. We (6) are all doing a health and safety course this week, which is a bit boring, but it will be over soon.

I (7) went shopping at lunchtime yesterday. I (8) bought a new pair of trousers from Top Shop – it’s a huge clothes store on Oxford Street. You’d love it! Anyway, I’m getting ready to go home at the moment, so bye for now.

Learning foreign languages is very necessary for people, especially nowadays. There are many ways how you can learn any foreign language. For example, you can do it abroad or in your home country. Some people consider that learning foreign languages in their home country is better. But I don’t agree with them. In my opinion, learning foreign languages abroad is better.

And now I will try to explain my point of view.  Firstly, I think that, if you learn English or any other foreign language abroad, you will learn it more quickly because you’ll live in the country where all people speak this foreign language. You’ll always hear them speaking and remember some words and try to imitate their pronunciation. Secondly, if you learn English abroad, you can get to know new countries, new people, make new foreign friends. As for me, it is very interesting and exciting. And thirdly, learning foreign languages abroad is easier and more effective because there you will speak with the people who don’t know your native language.

But there’s another point of view on this problem. Somebody prefers learning foreign languages in his home country. They consider that it is more dependable, and you don’t have to go anywhere. Maybe, these people are right, too. But I can’t support their point of view.

In conclusion, I would like to say that you can choose any way of learning foreign languages. But personally I prefer learning foreign languages abroad because in this way I can learn them more quickly, and, moreover, it is more interesting and easier to learn foreign language in a foreign country.