When my grandad 'used to grow up / was growing up in Jamaica, he was going / used to go to the beach every day after school. He used to have / had had a lot of friends in
Jamaica, and he was really happy there. But when Grandad was six, his parents used to
move / moved to Britain because his dad, my great-grandad, Chad found / was finding a
good job there. He 'used to I didn't use to like it here in Britain because the weather was
cold and he 'had left/ was leaving all of his friends behind in Jamaica. But slowly he used
to / got used to living here, and he made new friends. He 'used to meet / met my Grandma
when they were both living / had both lived in Leeds. At the time, she was studying/
had studied maths at Leeds University. Grandma and Grandad went out for a long time, but
they used to get / didn't get married until Grandma had left university in 1971. That was
years ago, of course, but I think they're still in love.
развивающаяся на лишенных жизни территориях — скалах, обрывах, наносах рек, сыпучих песках, застывшей лаве и др. При заселении таких участков живые организмы за счет своего метаболизма изменяют условия проживания и сменяют друг друга. Основная роль принадлежит накоплению отмерших остатков растений и продуктов разложения. Это зависит от характера растительности и от комплекса разрушающих её микроорганизмов, грибов и животных. Постепенно формируется почвенный профиль, изменяется гидрологический режим участка, микроклимат. Такие сукцессии называются в геоботанике — экогенетическими, так как ведут к преобразованию самого местообитания. Процесс первоначального формирования растительного покрова называется также сингенетической сукцессией[1].