Al₄C₃ + 12H₂O = 3CH₄ + 4Al(OH)₃
CaC₂ + 2H₂O = C₂H₂ + Ca(OH)₂
n (газов) = V / Vm = 4.48 / 22.4 = 0.2 моль
M (Al₄C₃) = 4Ar (Al) + 3Ar (C) = 27 * 4 + 12 * 3 = 144 г/моль
M (CaC₂) = Ar (Ca) + 2Ar (C) = 40 + 2 * 12 = 64 г/моль
Пусть x — количество Al₄C₃, y — количество CaC₂, тогда
144x + 64y = 10.4
3x + y = 0.2 ⇒ x = y = 0.05 моль
m (Al₄C₃) = n * M = 0.05 * 144 = 7.2 г
m (CaC₂) = n * M = 0.05 * 64 = 3.2 г
ω (Al₄C₃) = m (Al₄C₃) * 100% / m (смеси) = 7.2 г * 100% / 10.4 г = 69.23%
ω (CaC₂) = 100% - ω (Al₄C₃) = 100% - 69.23% = 30.77%
ответ: ω (Al₄C₃) = 69.23%, ω (CaC₂) = 30.77%
CuSO4 + 2NaOH = Cu(OH)2 + Na2SO4
Cu(+2) + SO4(-2) + 2Na(+) + 2OH(-) = Cu(OH)2 + 2Na(+) + SO4(-2)
Cu(+2) + 2OH(-) = Cu(OH)2
3KCl + Na3PO4 = K3PO4 + 3NaCl
3K(+) + 3Cl(-) + 3Na(+) + PO4(-3) = 3K(+) + PO4(-3) + 3Na(+) + 3Cl(-) ( реакция не идёт)
Al2(SO4)3 +3 BaCl2 =3 BaSO4 + 2AlCl3
2Al(+3) + 3SO4(-2) + 3Ba(+2) + 6Cl(-) = 3BaSO4 + 2Al(+3) + 6Cl(-)
3SO4(-2) + 3Ba(+2) = 3BaSO4
Na2SO3 + H2SO4 = Na2SO4 + SO2 + H2O
2Na(+) + SO3(-2) + 2H(+) + SO4(-2) = 2Na(+) + SO4(-2) + SO2 + H2O
SO3(-2) + 2H(+) = SO2 + H2O
Na2CO3 + H2SO4 = Na2SO4 + CO2 + H2O
2Na(+) + CO3(-2) + 2H(+) + SO4(-2) = 2Na(+) + SO4(-2) + CO2 + H2O
CO3(-2) + 2H(+) = CO2 + H2O
2NaOH + H2SO4 = Na2SO4 + 2H2O
2Na(+) + 2OH(-) + 2H(+) + SO4(-2) = 2Na(+) + SO4(-2) + 2H2O
2OH(-) + 2H(+) = 2H2O
Al₄C₃ + 12H₂O = 3CH₄ + 4Al(OH)₃
CaC₂ + 2H₂O = C₂H₂ + Ca(OH)₂
n (газов) = V / Vm = 4.48 / 22.4 = 0.2 моль
M (Al₄C₃) = 4Ar (Al) + 3Ar (C) = 27 * 4 + 12 * 3 = 144 г/моль
M (CaC₂) = Ar (Ca) + 2Ar (C) = 40 + 2 * 12 = 64 г/моль
Пусть x — количество Al₄C₃, y — количество CaC₂, тогда
144x + 64y = 10.4
3x + y = 0.2 ⇒ x = y = 0.05 моль
m (Al₄C₃) = n * M = 0.05 * 144 = 7.2 г
m (CaC₂) = n * M = 0.05 * 64 = 3.2 г
ω (Al₄C₃) = m (Al₄C₃) * 100% / m (смеси) = 7.2 г * 100% / 10.4 г = 69.23%
ω (CaC₂) = 100% - ω (Al₄C₃) = 100% - 69.23% = 30.77%
ответ: ω (Al₄C₃) = 69.23%, ω (CaC₂) = 30.77%
CuSO4 + 2NaOH = Cu(OH)2 + Na2SO4
Cu(+2) + SO4(-2) + 2Na(+) + 2OH(-) = Cu(OH)2 + 2Na(+) + SO4(-2)
Cu(+2) + 2OH(-) = Cu(OH)2
3KCl + Na3PO4 = K3PO4 + 3NaCl
3K(+) + 3Cl(-) + 3Na(+) + PO4(-3) = 3K(+) + PO4(-3) + 3Na(+) + 3Cl(-) ( реакция не идёт)
Al2(SO4)3 +3 BaCl2 =3 BaSO4 + 2AlCl3
2Al(+3) + 3SO4(-2) + 3Ba(+2) + 6Cl(-) = 3BaSO4 + 2Al(+3) + 6Cl(-)
3SO4(-2) + 3Ba(+2) = 3BaSO4
Na2SO3 + H2SO4 = Na2SO4 + SO2 + H2O
2Na(+) + SO3(-2) + 2H(+) + SO4(-2) = 2Na(+) + SO4(-2) + SO2 + H2O
SO3(-2) + 2H(+) = SO2 + H2O
Na2CO3 + H2SO4 = Na2SO4 + CO2 + H2O
2Na(+) + CO3(-2) + 2H(+) + SO4(-2) = 2Na(+) + SO4(-2) + CO2 + H2O
CO3(-2) + 2H(+) = CO2 + H2O
2NaOH + H2SO4 = Na2SO4 + 2H2O
2Na(+) + 2OH(-) + 2H(+) + SO4(-2) = 2Na(+) + SO4(-2) + 2H2O
2OH(-) + 2H(+) = 2H2O
CuSO4 + 2NaOH = Cu(OH)2 + Na2SO4
Cu(+2) + SO4(-2) + 2Na(+) + 2OH(-) = Cu(OH)2 + 2Na(+) + SO4(-2)
Cu(+2) + 2OH(-) = Cu(OH)2