First, we'll try to plug in the value: #lim_{x to -oo}x+sqrt(x^2+2x) = -oo + sqrt(oo-oo)# We're already encountering a problem: it is simply not allowed to have #oo-oo#, it's like dividing by zero. We need to try a different approach. Whenever I see this kind of limit, I try to use a trick: #lim_{x to -oo}x+sqrt(x^2+2x)# #= lim_{x to -oo}x+sqrt(x^2+2x)*(x-sqrt(x^2+2x))/(x-sqrt(x^2+2x))# These are the same becaus the factor we're multiplying with is essentially #1#. Why are we doing this? Because there exists a formula which says: #(a-b)(a+b) = a^2-b^2# In this case #a = x# and #b = sqrt(x^2+2x)# Let's apply this formula: #lim_{x to -oo}(x^2-(sqrt(x^2+2x))^2)/(x-sqrt(x^2+2x))# #= lim_{x to -oo}(x^2-x^2-2x)/(x-sqrt(x^2+2x))# #= lim_{x to -oo}(-2x)/(x-sqrt(x^2+2x))# Now we're going to use another trick. We'r going to use this one, because we want to get the #x^2# out of the square root: #lim_{x to -oo}(-2x)/(x-sqrt(x^2(1+2/x))# If you look carefully, you see it's the same thing. Now, you might say that #sqrt(x^2) = x#, but you have to remember that #x# is a negative number. Because we're taking the positive square root, #sqrt(x^2) = -x# in this case. #= lim_{x to -oo}(-2x)/(x+xsqrt(1+2/x))# #= lim_{x to -oo}(-2x)/(x(1+sqrt(1+2/x)))# We can cancel the #x#: #= lim_{x to -oo}(-2)/(1+sqrt(1+2/x))# And now, we can finally plug in the value: #= -2/(1+sqrt(1+2/-oo))# A number divided by infinity, is always #0#: #= -2/(1+sqrt(1+0)) = -2/(1+1) = -2/2 = -1# This is the final answer. Hope it helps.
Пусть скорость пешехода х км/ч Тогда расстояние от А до В 3*х Время, затраченное им на обратный путь 16:х + (3х -16):(х-1) 16:х + (3х -16):(х-1) =3 +1/15 16:х + (3х - 16):(х-1) =46/15 умножим обе части уравнения на 15х(х-1), чтобы избавиться от дробей. 16*15(х-1) +15х (3х - 16)=46 х(х-1)240х-240 +45х²-240х=46х² -46х46х² -45х² -46х +240 =0 х² - 46х +240 =0D = b 2 - 4ac = 1156 √D = 34 х₁=40 ( не подходит для скорости пешехода) х₂=6 км/чS=vt=6*3=18 кмПроверка 16:6 + 2:5= 8/3+ 2/5= 40/15 +6/15=46/15=3 и 1/15 часа3 и 1/15 -3= 1/15 =4 минуты
#lim_{x to -oo}x+sqrt(x^2+2x) = -oo + sqrt(oo-oo)#
We're already encountering a problem: it is simply not allowed to have #oo-oo#, it's like dividing by zero.
We need to try a different approach.
Whenever I see this kind of limit, I try to use a trick:
#lim_{x to -oo}x+sqrt(x^2+2x)#
#= lim_{x to -oo}x+sqrt(x^2+2x)*(x-sqrt(x^2+2x))/(x-sqrt(x^2+2x))#
These are the same becaus the factor we're multiplying with is essentially #1#.
Why are we doing this? Because there exists a formula which says: #(a-b)(a+b) = a^2-b^2#
In this case #a = x# and #b = sqrt(x^2+2x)#
Let's apply this formula:
#lim_{x to -oo}(x^2-(sqrt(x^2+2x))^2)/(x-sqrt(x^2+2x))#
#= lim_{x to -oo}(x^2-x^2-2x)/(x-sqrt(x^2+2x))#
#= lim_{x to -oo}(-2x)/(x-sqrt(x^2+2x))#
Now we're going to use another trick. We'r going to use this one, because we want to get the #x^2# out of the square root:
#lim_{x to -oo}(-2x)/(x-sqrt(x^2(1+2/x))#
If you look carefully, you see it's the same thing.
Now, you might say that #sqrt(x^2) = x#, but you have to remember that #x# is a negative number. Because we're taking the positive square root, #sqrt(x^2) = -x# in this case.
#= lim_{x to -oo}(-2x)/(x+xsqrt(1+2/x))#
#= lim_{x to -oo}(-2x)/(x(1+sqrt(1+2/x)))#
We can cancel the #x#:
#= lim_{x to -oo}(-2)/(1+sqrt(1+2/x))#
And now, we can finally plug in the value:
#= -2/(1+sqrt(1+2/-oo))#
A number divided by infinity, is always #0#:
#= -2/(1+sqrt(1+0)) = -2/(1+1) = -2/2 = -1#
This is the final answer.
Hope it helps.
Тогда расстояние от А до В
3*х
Время, затраченное им на обратный путь
16:х + (3х -16):(х-1)
16:х + (3х -16):(х-1) =3 +1/15
16:х + (3х - 16):(х-1) =46/15
умножим обе части уравнения на 15х(х-1), чтобы избавиться от дробей.
16*15(х-1) +15х (3х - 16)=46 х(х-1)240х-240 +45х²-240х=46х² -46х46х² -45х² -46х +240 =0
х² - 46х +240 =0D = b 2 - 4ac = 1156
√D = 34
х₁=40 ( не подходит для скорости пешехода)
х₂=6 км/чS=vt=6*3=18 кмПроверка
16:6 + 2:5= 8/3+ 2/5= 40/15 +6/15=46/15=3 и 1/15 часа3 и 1/15 -3= 1/15 =4 минуты