HIGHER EDUCATION IN THE USA
Many students, upon finishing high school, choose to continue their education. The system of higher education includes 4 categories of institutions.
The community college, which is financed by the local community in different professions. Tuition fees are low in these colleges, that's why about 40 per cent of all American students of higher education study at these colleges. On graduation from such colleges American students get "associate degree" and can start to work or may transfer to 4-year colleges or universities (usually to the 3rd year).
The technical training institution, at which h igh school graduates may take courses ranging from six months to three-four years, and learn different technical skills, which may include design business, computer programming, accounting, etc. The best-known of them are: the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the Technological Institute in California.
The four-year college, which is not a part of a university. The graduates receive the degree of Bachelor of Arts (BA) or Bachelor of Science (BS). There are also small Art Colleges, which grant degrees in specialized fields such as ballet, film-making and even circus performance. There are also Pedagogical Colleges.
The university, which may contain:
several colleges for students who want to receive a bachelor's degree after four years of study;
one or more graduate schools for those who want to continue their studies after college for about two years to receive a master's degree and then a doctor's degree. There are 156 universities in the USA.
Any of these institutions of higher education may be either public or private. The public institutions are financed by state. Most of the students, about 80 per cent, study at public institutions of higher education, because tuition fees here are much lower. Some of the best-known private universities are Harvard. Yale and Princeton.
It is not easy to enter a college at a leading university in the United States. Successful applicants at colleges of higher education are usually chosen on the basis of:
their high-school records which include their class rank, the list of all the courses taken and all the grades received in high school, test results;
recommendation from their high-school teachers;
the impression they make during interviews at the university, which is in fact a serious examination;
scores on the Scholastic Aptitude Tests.
The academic year is usually nine months, divided into two terms. Studies usually begin in September and end in July. Each college or university has its own curriculum. During one term a student must study 4 or 5 different courses. There are courses that every student has to take in order to receive a degree. These courses or subjects are called major subjects or "majors".
At the same time there are subjects which the student may choose himself for his future life. These courses are called 'electives". A student has to earn a certain number of "credits" (about 120) in order to receive a degree at the end of four years of college. Credits are earned by attending lectures or laboratory classes and completing assignments and examinations.
Students who study at a university or four-year college are known as undergraduates. Those who have received a degree after 4 years of studies are known as graduates. They may take graduate program for another 2 years in order to get a master's degree. Further studies are postgraduate which result in a doctor's degree.
QUESTIONS
1. What kind of institutions are there in the American system of higher education?
2. Is it easy to enter university in the USA?
3. What is necessary for a school graduate to get a place at a university?
4. Are all subjects compulsory for university students?
5. What degrees can students get at the university?
6. Can you compare Russian and American universities?
7. What is necessary for a Russian student to go to university in the USA?
8. Would you like to study in one of American universities? Why?
ответить на во по тексту
Sam was twenty-five when he was offered a job with a local newspaper. He was proud and surprised with that offer. In fact, Sam had never thought of a career as a news reporter.
.
He didn't have any formal education.
in journalism and worked as an accountant in an office.
Sam was not very successful.
as an accountant; his colleagues often had to help him.
Everyone, however, believed that he was a talented
storyteller.
Sam had a (CREATE)
mind and very good narrative skills.
To tell the truth, his current job in the office seemed a bit (BORE)
to him.
Объяснение:
1.I got up at eight o’clock yesterday morning.
2.Kate talked to Paul on the phone last night.
3.Kate is talking Paul on the phone right now.
4.Kate talks Paul on the phone every day.
5.Rick and I ate lunch at the cafeteria two hours ago.
6.They eat lunch at the cafeteria
everyday.
7.My mum went to bed early last night.
8.David studied Italian last year.
9.Rick wrote a letter to her
parents last night.
10.I go to school by schoolbus everyday.
11.My brother is in his room now.He is sitting at his desk.He is doing bis homework.
12.Mark bought a new schoolbag last week.
13.Yesterday I saw Kate at the bus stop.
14.I has a dream last night. I
dreamed about my friends.We went to Disneyland.
15.My husband comes home around eight o’clock everynight.
16.Our teacher is writing something
on the board now.
17.Susan always sits in the back of the class, but today she sits in the front row.
18.I didn't go to a movie last night. I stayed at home.Because I had a headache.
19.Bob studies hard and swims very well but he -isn't ride a bike.
20.My cat usually stays by the fire.
21.Jim is having a shower now.
22.My mother is cooking in the kitchen at the moment.
23.Last month they went on
holiday to Paris.
24.They are eating their dinner now.
25.My father took the dog to the park yesterday.
26.My father works in a bank and leaves the house at nine o’clock everyday.
27.She always goes to church on Sundays.
28.Tom lived in London three years ago.
29.Jean always helps her mother in the house.
30.My mother is making some
cofee now.
31.I had dinner in a Restaurant with my friends last Saturday.
32.He is talking on the phone now.
33.My mum washed the clothes yesterday,and now she ironing them.
34.My father cuts the grass every weekend.
35.I spent all my money yesterday.
36.My brother always does his homeworks with my mum.
37.My aunt calledus yesterday.
38.My dog is sleeping now.